Machine Design
A flanged pipe joint will be a leak-proof joint, if the circumferential pitch of the bolts is (where d = Diameter of bolt hole)

Less than 20d
Equal to inside diameter of pipe
Greater than 30d
Between 20d and 30d

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Machine Design
The elasticity is the property of a material which enables it to

Draw into wires by the application of a tensile force
Resists fracture due to high impact loads
Retain deformation produced under load permanently
Regains its original shape after deformation when the external forces are removed

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