Machine Design
According to I.B.R., the distance between the rows of rivets, for equal number of rivets in more than one row for lap joint or butt joint (chain riveting) shall not be less than

1.5 d
2.5 d
2 d
d

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Machine Design
A bolt of M 24 × 2 means that

The pitch of the thread is 24 mm and depth is 2 mm
The nominal diameter of bolt is 24 mm and pitch is 2 mm
The effective diameter of bolt is 24 mm and there are 2 threads per cm
Cross-sectional area of the threads is 24 mm²

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