Machine Design
A bolt of M 24 × 2 means that

The pitch of the thread is 24 mm and depth is 2 mm
The effective diameter of bolt is 24 mm and there are 2 threads per cm
Cross-sectional area of the threads is 24 mm²
The nominal diameter of bolt is 24 mm and pitch is 2 mm

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Machine Design
The ends of the leaves of a semi-elliptical leaf spring are made triangular in order to

Have variable bending moment (M) in each leaf
Obtain variable moment of inertia (I) in each leaf
Permit each leaf to act as an overhanging beam
Make M/I constant throughout the length of the leaf

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