Machine Design
The effective stress in wire ropes during normal working is equal to the stress due to

Bending plus stress due to acceleration/retardation
Axial load plus stress due to bending
Acceleration/retardation of masses plus stress due to bending
Axial load plus stress due to acceleration/retardation

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Machine Design
The contact ratio is the ratio of

Length of arc of approach to the circular pitch
Length of arc of recess to the circular pitch
Length of path of contact to the circular pitch
Length of arc of contact to the circular pitch

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