Electrical Machines
The 3 - Φ induction motors are, by a very considerable margin, the most widely used AC motors as

  these are cheaper in cost, simple and rugged in construction.
  they have very good speed regulation.
  they have maximum efficiency and maximum starting torque.
  they are capable of operation under range of leading and lagging pf.

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Electrical Machines
In a dc generator operating on load with its brushes on the geometrical neutral axis (GNA), the magnetic neutral axis (MNA) is shifted in the direction of rotation. Now, if the brushes are given a lead of 90° (electrical), then the MNA will

 shift forward by less than 90°
 shift forward by 90°
 coincide with the GNA
 shift forward by more than 90°

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