When different types of consumers are charged at different uniform per unit rates, it is said to be Flat Rate Tariff. In this type, the consumers are grouped into different classes. Each class is charged at different uniform rate.
Equivalent resistance of the circuit, Req = (12||18) + 8 Req = 7.2 + 8 Req = 15.2 ohm Source current = current through 8 ohm resistor, I = Vr/R8 I = 20/8 I = 2.5 A Supply votage V = I*Req V = 2.5*15.2 V = 38 V
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