System Analysis and Design
HIPO

is a forms-driven technique in which standard forms are used to document the information
None of these
consists of a hierarchy chart and an associated set of input/process/ output charts
captures the essence of top down decomposition.
All of these

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System Analysis and Design
The approach used in top-down analysis and design is

all of the listed here
to identify a top level function an d then create a hierarchy of lower-level modules and components.
to identify the top level functions by combining many smaller components into a single entity
to prepare flow charts after programming has been completed

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