Theory of Machine
When the addenda on pinion and wheel is such that the path of approach and path of recess are half of their maximum possible values, then the length of the path of contact is given by (where r = Pitch circle radius of pinion, R = Pitch circle radius of wheel, and φ = Pressure angle)

[(r + R) cosφ]/2
[(r² + R²) cosφ]/2
[(r + R) sinφ]/2
[(r² + R²) sinφ]/2

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Theory of Machine
When the belt is stationary, it is subjected to some tension known as initial tension. The value of this tension is equal to the

Tension in the slack side of the belt
Sum of the tensions on the tight side and slack side of the belt
Tension in the tight side of the belt
Average tension of the tight side and slack side of the belt

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