Electrical Machines
Due to magnetic saturation, the flux per pole in a DC machine without brush shift

 decreases in generators and increases in motor with load.
 increases in generators but decreases in motor with load.
 increases in both the generators and the motors with load.
  decreases in both generators and the motors with load.

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Electrical Machines
In dc machines, the field system has to be provided on stator unlike synchronous machines Where in it could be on any member, because

 commutator action is not possible otherwise
 it gives more uniform air-gap flux distribution
 dc machines are comparatively low rating machines.
 it reduces field structure iron losses

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