Electrical Machines
When Flemings right hand rule to find the direction of induced emf, the thumb points towards

 direction of induced emf.
 opposite to the direction of motion of the conductor.
 direction of motion of the conductor.
 direction of flux.

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Electrical Machines
In dc machines, the field system has to be provided on stator unlike synchronous machines Where in it could be on any member, because

 it reduces field structure iron losses
 commutator action is not possible otherwise
 dc machines are comparatively low rating machines.
 it gives more uniform air-gap flux distribution

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