Electrical Machines
The crawling in the induction motor is caused by

 low voltage supply
 harmonics developed in the motor
 high loads
 improper design of stator laminations

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Electrical Machines
The compensating winding in a DC machine

  is located on pole shoes to avoid the sparking at the brushes.
 is located in armature slots for compensation of the armature reaction.
 is located on commutating poles for improving commutation.
  is located on pole shoes for avoiding the flashover at the commutator.

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Electrical Machines
A bipolar dc machine with interpoles has a main-pole flux of ф per pole and an interpole flux of Фᵢ per pole. The yoke of the machine is devide into four quadrants by the main-pole axis and The commutation axis. The flux-distribution in the quadrants will be

 ½ ( ф + фᵢ ) in all the four quadrants
 ½ ( ф + фᵢ ) in two adjacent quadrants and ½ ( ф - фᵢ ) in the remaining two quadrants
 ½ ( ф - фᵢ ) in all the four quadrants
 ½ ( ф + фᵢ ) in two diametrically opposite quadrants and ½ ( ф - фᵢ ) in the remaining two Quadrants

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Electrical Machines
In synchronous generator, inverted V curve is drawn between

 field current on Y-axis and power factor on X-axis
 field current on X-axis and armature current on Y-axis
 field current on Y-axis and armature current on X-axis
 field current on X-axis and power factor on Y-axis

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