Engineering Materials
When elements like nickel, chromium, copper and molybdenum are added to the molten cast iron, it produces

White cast iron
Nodular cast iron
Malleable cast iron
Alloy cast iron

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Engineering Materials
The brown smoke during the operation of a Bessemer converter indicates that the

The brown smoke does not occur during the operation of a Bessemer converter
The converter must be titled to remove the contents of the converter
Air is burning out silicon and manganese
Silicon and manganese has burnt and carbon has started oxidizing

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Engineering Materials
Nickel in steel

Improves cutting ability and reduces hardenability
Refines grain size and produces less tendency to carburisation, improves corrosion and heat resistant properties
Gives ductility, toughness, tensile strength and anti-corrosion properties
Improves wear resistance, cutting ability and toughness

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