Mass Transfer
Very tall packed towers are divided into series of beds to

Reduce the overall pressure drop
Avoid flooding
Avoid channelling
Reduce liquid hold-up

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Mass Transfer
For water-ethanol system, the minimum reflux ratio

Is the optimum reflux ratio
Is computed from the slope of the upper operating line that is tangent to the equilibrium curve
Is computed from the intercept of the operating line
Cannot be computed

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