RCC Structures Design
Total pressure on the vertical face of a retaining wall of height ‘h’ per unit run exerted by the retained earth weighing ‘w’ per unit volume, is

wh² [(1 - sin φ)/2(1 + sin φ)]
wh [(1 - sin φ)/(1 + sin φ)]
wh² [(1 - sin φ)/3(1 + sin φ)]
wh² [(1 - sin φ)/(1 + sin φ)]

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RCC Structures Design
The angle of internal friction of soil mass is the angle whose

Sine is equal to the ratio of the maximum resistance to sliding on any internal inclined plane to the normal pressure acting on the plane
Tangent is equal to the rate of the maximum resistance to sliding on any internal inclined plane to the normal pressure acting on the plane
Cosine is equal to the ratio of the maximum resistance sliding on any internal inclined plane to the normal pressure acting on the plane
None of these

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