Plant Structure
The mitochondria were known in the nineteenth century to be osmotically active on the basis of evidence that

the mitochondrial matrix is hypertonic to the cellular cytoplasm
mitochondria are surrounded by a semi permeable membrane
mitochondria were derived from a symbiotic bacterium
the mitochondrial matrix is hypotonic to the cellular cytoplasm

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Plant Structure
Any system that is not at equilibrium

requires an enzyme to reach equilibrium
is thermodynamically unstable, although it may be kinetically stable
is rushing toward equilibrium at a very rapid rate
is kinetically unstable, although it may be thermodynamically stable

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Plant Structure
Cellular metabolism is an example of

a series of reactions occurring under standard conditions
equilibrium metabolism
a series of reactions that defy the second law of thermodynamics
steady-state metabolism

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Plant Structure
Which of the following statements about mitochondrial proteins is true?

Some mitochondrial proteins are coded for and synthesized in the mitochondria and others
All mitochondrial proteins are imported from the cytoplasm
All mitochondrial proteins are coded for and synthesized in the mitochondria
Mitochondrial proteins arise from other mitochondrial proteins

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