Workshop Technology
The purpose of a gate is to

Act as a reservoir for the molten metal
Delivers molten metal from pouring basin to gate
Delivers molten metal into the mould cavity
Feed the molten metal to the casting in order to compensate for the shrinkage

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Workshop Technology
For arc welding

Any one of these
Alternating current with high frequency is used
Direct current is used
Alternating current with low frequency is used

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Workshop Technology
The diaphragm moulding machine is used to

Ram the sand harder at the pattern face with decreasing hardness towards the back of the mould
Give uniform sand hardness throughout the mould
Ram the sand harder at the back of the mould and softer on the pattern face
Produce uniform packing of sand in the mould

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Workshop Technology
Extrusion

Is extensively used for making bolts and nuts
Consists of pressing the metal inside a chamber to force it out by high pressure through an orifice which is shaped to provide the desired form of the finished part
Is used to improve fatigue resistance of the metal by setting up compressive stresses in its surface
Is used for reducing the diameter of round bars and tubes by rotating dies which open and close rapidly on the work

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