Theory of Machine
The values of velocity and acceleration of piston at near dead center for a slider-crank mechanism will be

0, and more than co2r
0, and less than coV
0, 0
cor, 0

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Theory of Machine
The secondary unbalanced force due to inertia of reciprocating parts in a reciprocating engine is given by (where m = Mass of reciprocating parts, ω = Angular speed of crank, r = Radius of crank, θ = Angle of inclination of crank with the line of stroke, and n = Ratio of the length of connecting rod to radius of crank)

m.ω².r (cos 2θ/n)
m.ω².r (sin 2θ/n)
m.ω².r sinθ
m.ω².r cosθ

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