Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The total head of a liquid particle in motion is equal to

Pressure head + kinetic head + potential head
Potential head - (pressure head + kinetic head)
Kinetic head - (pressure head + potential head)
Pressure head - (kinetic head + potential head)

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Surface tension

Decreases with fall in temperature
Is a function of the curvature of the interface
Acts in the plane of the interface normal to any line in the surface
Is also known as capillarity

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The specific speed of turbine is defined as the speed of a unit

Of such a size that it produces unit horse power with unit head
Of such a size that it requires unit power per unit head
Of such a size that it delivers unit discharge at unit head
Of such a size that it delivers unit discharge at unit power

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