Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The hammer blow in pipes occurs when

The flow of fluid through the pipe is gradually brought to rest by closing of the valve
There is excessive leakage in the pipe
The flow of fluid through the pipe is suddenly brought to rest by closing of the valve
The pipe bursts under high pressure of fluid

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
A hydraulic press is a device used

To increase the intensity of pressure of water by means of energy available from a large quantity of water at a low pressure
All of these
To lift larger load by the application of a comparatively much smaller force
To store pressure energy which may be supplied to a machine later on

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
For similarity, in addition to models being geometrically similar to prototype, the following in both cases should also be equal

ratio of inertial force to force due to surface tension
ratio of inertial force to force due to gravitation
all the four ratios of inertial force to force due to viscosity, gravitation, surface tension, and elasticity
ratio of inertial force to force due to viscosity

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