Workshop Technology
Shift is a casting defect which

Results in a mismatching of the top and bottom parts of a casting
Occurs near the ingates as rough lumps on the surface of a casting
Occurs as sand patches on the upper surface of a casting
Results in general enlargement of a casting

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Workshop Technology
During hot working of metals

Mechanical properties are improved due to refinement of grains
All of the listed here
Grain structure of the metal is refined
Porosity of the metal is largely eliminated

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