Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The specific speed of a turbine is the speed of an imaginary turbine, identical with the given turbine, which

Delivers unit discharge under unit head
Develops unit power under unit head
Delivers unit discharge under unit speed
Develops unit power under unit speed

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Coefficient of contraction is the ratio of

Area of jet at vena-contracta to the area of orifice
Loss of head in the orifice to the head of water available at the exit of the orifice
Actual velocity of jet at vena contracta to the theoretical velocity
Loss of head in the orifice to the head of water available at the exit of the orifice

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The flow ratio of Francis turbine is defined as the ratio of the

Theoretical velocity of jet to the velocity of flow at inlet
Velocity of flow at inlet to the theoretical jet velocity
None of these
Velocity of runner at inlet to the velocity of flow at inlet

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