Cell Structure and Compartments
The simplest way to differentiate a prokaryotic cell from a eukaryotic one is to

see if a nucleus is present
check for the presence of DNA
look for a plasma membrane
determine if the cell is an entire organism or not

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Cell Structure and Compartments
Eukaryotic cells are more efficient than prokaryotes because their internal compartmentalization

allows for specialization through merging of different tasks
makes each compartment nutritionally independent of all others
reduces overall cell size
allows for specialization through the subdivision of particular tasks

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