Cell Structure and Compartments
The simplest way to differentiate a prokaryotic cell from a eukaryotic one is to

determine if the cell is an entire organism or not
check for the presence of DNA
see if a nucleus is present
look for a plasma membrane

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Cell Structure and Compartments
Eukaryotic cells are more efficient than prokaryotes because their internal compartmentalization

reduces overall cell size
allows for specialization through merging of different tasks
makes each compartment nutritionally independent of all others
allows for specialization through the subdivision of particular tasks

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Cell Structure and Compartments
What do dystrophin, utrophin, actin, and tubulin have to do with eukaryotic cell structure and function?

They all participate in the production of large amounts of ATP
They are all embedded proteins in plasma membranes
They all participate in the degradation of large amounts of ATP
They are components in the reactions of photosynthesis

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Cell Structure and Compartments
The highly folded membranes found in such eukaryotic organelles as mitochondria and chloroplasts

increase the surface area where key chemical processes can occur
help the cell against physical damage
assist with cell movement
make it possible to package large amounts of DNA within the cell

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