Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
The diagram factor is the ratio of the

Actual workdone per stroke to the theoretical workdone per stroke
Actual mean effective pressure to the theoretical mean effective pressure
Area of the actual indicator diagram to the area of theoretical indicator diagram
Any one of the above

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
The function of a piston in a steam engine is

To transfer motion from the piston to the cross-head
To guide motion of the piston rod and to prevent it from bending
None of these
To convert heat energy of the steam into mechanical work id) to exhaust steam from the cylinder at proper moment

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