Theory of Machine
The relation l = (2/3).(j + 2) apply only to kinematic chains in which lower pairs are used. This may be used to kinematic chains in which higher pairs are used, but each higher pair may be taken as equivalent to

Any one of these
Two lower pairs and one additional link
Two lower pairs and two additional links
One lower pair and two additional links

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Theory of Machine
Two pulleys of radii r₁ and r₂ and at distance x apart are connected by means of a cross belt drive. The length of the belt is

π (r₁ + r₂) + [(r₁ + r₂)²/x] + 2x
π (r₁ - r₂) + [(r₁ + r₂)²/x] + 2x
π (r₁ - r₂) + [(r₁ - r₂)²/x] + 2x
π (r₁ + r₂) + [(r₁ - r₂)²/x] + 2x

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Theory of Machine
Angle of action of cam is defined as the angle

Through which the cam rotates during the period in which the follower remains in the highest position
Of rotation of the cam for a definite displacement of the follower
Moved by the cam from the instant the follower begins to rise, till it reaches its highest position
Moved by the cam from beginning of ascent to the termination of descent

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Theory of Machine
In a mechanism, the fixed instantaneous centers are those centers which

Remain in the same place for all configurations of the mechanism
Moves as the mechanism moves, but joints are of permanent nature
None of the listed here
Vary with the configuration of the mechanism

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