Theory of Machine
The relation l = (2/3).(j + 2) apply only to kinematic chains in which lower pairs are used. This may be used to kinematic chains in which higher pairs are used, but each higher pair may be taken as equivalent to

Two lower pairs and two additional links
Two lower pairs and one additional link
Any one of these
One lower pair and two additional links

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Theory of Machine
Pitch point on a cam is

Any point on pitch circle
The point on cam pitch curve having the minimum pressure angle
The point on cam pitch curve having the maximum pressure angle
Any point on pitch curve

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Theory of Machine
In a steam engine, one method of obtaining the earlier cut-off with a simple slide valve is by increasing the angle of advance of the eccentric while the throw of the eccentric, steam lap and exhaust lap are kept constant. This method will

Reduce maximum opening of port to steam
Reduce length of effective stroke of piston
All of these
Cause withdrawing or throttling of steam

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