Automobile Engineering in ME
The purpose of a thermostat in an engine cooling system is to

Allow the engine to warm up quickly
Prevent the coolant from boiling
Indicate the coolant temperature
Pressurise the system to raise the boiling point

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The function of a proportioning control valve (PCV) in a brake system is to

Cause less brake fluid pressure to act on the rear brakes than on the front brakes when the fluid pressure exceeds a predetermined level
Reduce the brake fluid pressure when the brakes approach their lockup point
Cause less brake fluid pressure to act on the front brakes than on the rear brakes when the fluid pressure exceeds a predetermined level
Ensure that equal pressure is supplied to the front and rear brakes throughout every braking operation

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The compression ratio in petrol engine is kept less than in Diesel engine because

It makes petrol engines lighter
It is just customary to have less compression ratio in petrol engines
Higher or equivalent compression ratio in petrol engines is not possible due to pre-ignition
Less compression ratio gives better performance

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