Workshop Technology
The process used to improve fatigue resistance of the metal by setting up compressive stresses in its surface, is known as

Cold peening
Hot piercing
Extrusion
Cold heading

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Workshop Technology
Extrusion

Is used for reducing the diameter of round bars and tubes by rotating dies which open and close rapidly on the work
Is extensively used for making bolts and nuts
Is used to improve fatigue resistance of the metal by setting up compressive stresses in its surface
Consists of pressing the metal inside a chamber to force it out by high pressure through an orifice which is shaped to provide the desired form of the finished part

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Workshop Technology
Shift is a casting defect which

Results in a mismatching of the top and bottom parts of a casting
Occurs as sand patches on the upper surface of a casting
Results in general enlargement of a casting
Occurs near the ingates as rough lumps on the surface of a casting

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Workshop Technology
Spot welding is used for welding

Butt joints in plates having thickness above 3 mm
Lap joints in plates having 0.025 mm to 1.25 mm thickness
Lap joints in plates having thickness above 3 mm
Butt joints in plates having 0.025 mm to 1.25 mm thickness

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