Structural Analysis
The principle of virtual work can be applied to elastic system by considering the virtual work of

External forces only
None of these
Internal as well as external forces
Internal forces only

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Structural Analysis
The effective length of lacing is the distance

0.7 of the distance between the inner end rivets of the bar for double lacing
Between the inner end rivets of the bar for single lacing
All of these
Between the inner ends of effective lengths of welds connecting the members

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Structural Analysis
Pick up the correct statement for the web stiffeners.

For horizontal stiffeners, d is the clear distance between the horizontal stiffener and the tension flange
Vertical stiffeners are spaced at a distance not greater than 1.5 d and not less than 0.33 d
d is the distance between flange angles or the clear distance between flanges
All of these

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