Structural Analysis
The three moments equation is applicable only when

The spans are equal
The beam is prismatic
There is no settlement of supports
There is no discontinuity such as hinges within the span

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Structural Analysis
The effective and actual lengths of a cantilever are same if continuous at the support,

With partial restraint against torsion of the support and free at the end
Unstrained against torsion at the support and free at the end
None of these
Restrained against torsion at the support and free at the end

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