Structural Analysis
The thickness of the rectangular plate for the cap or base of a solid round steel columns, is calculated from the formulat = √[(9W/16 fbct) × D/(D -d)] where ‘d’ is

The dimension of the base
The diameter of the top
The diameter of the base
The reduced diameter of the column

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Structural Analysis
The minimum horizontal distance between two parallel main reinforcing bars, is

5 mm more than nominal maximum size of the coarse aggregate
The diameter of the longer bar if their diameters are unequal
The diameter of the bar if their diameters are same
Greatest value of the above

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