Engineering Mechanics
The loss of kinetic energy during inelastic impact, is given by (where m1 = Mass of the first body,m2 = Mass of the second body, and u1 and u2 = Velocities of the first and second bodies respectively.)

[m₁ m₂/2(m₁ + m₂)] (u₁² - u₂²)
[2(m₁ + m₂)/m₁ m₂] (u₁ - u₂)²
[2(m₁ + m₂)/m₁ m₂] (u₁² - u₂²)
[m₁ m₂/2(m₁ + m₂)] (u₁ - u₂)²

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Engineering Mechanics
Non-coplanar concurrent forces are those forces which

Meet at one point and their lines of action also lie on the same plane
Do not meet at one point and their lines of action do not lie on the same plane
Meet at one point, but their lines of action do not lie on the same plane
Do not meet at one point, but their lines of action lie on the same plane

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Engineering Mechanics
According to the law of moments, if a number of coplanar forces acting on a particle are in equilibrium, then

The algebraic sum of their moments about any point is equal to the moment of their resultant force about the same point
Their algebraic sum is zero
The algebraic sum of their moments about any point in their plane is zero
Their lines of action are at equal distances

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