Machine Design
The piston rod of a steam engine is usually connected to the cross-head by means of

Knuckle joint
Cotter joint
Universal joint
Bolted joint

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Machine Design
According to I.B.R., when the thickness of boiler shell (t) is greater than 8 mm, then the diameter of rivet hole (d) is obtained by

Equating tearing resistance of the plate to the shearing resistance of the rivets
Equating tearing resistance of the plate to the crushing resistance of the rivets
None of these
Equating shearing resistance to the crushing resistance of the rivets

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