Machine Design
An elastic bar is fixed at the upper end and loaded at the lower end by a falling weight. The shock load produced can be reduced by

Decreasing the cross-sectional area of the bar
Decreasing the modulus of elasticity of the bar
All of these
Increasing the length of bar

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Machine Design
The creep in the belt is due to

Stresses beyond elastic limit of belt material
Unequal extensions in the belt due to tight and slack side tensions
Effect of temperature on belt
Material of belt

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