Microbiology of Soils
The phenomenon of commensalism refers to a relationship between organisms in which

None of these
one species of a pair is more benefited
both the species of a pair benefit
one species of a pair benefits

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Microbiology of Soils
Nitrogen fixation by the microorganisms can be detected by adopting the approach of

All of these
demonstrating growth in a nitrogen free medium
cultivating the microorganisms in the presence of nitrogen labeled with isotropic nitrogen
measuring15N2 by mass spectrometer

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Microbiology of Soils
Nitrogen fixation

especially changes nitrogen compounds, mostly amines such as NH2
changes the free nitrogen (N2) to a form usable by plants
fix the free nitrogen (N2) by which it should not be usable by plants
both (a) and (b)

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Microbiology of Soils
Denitrification is

reduction of nitrate (NO3-) to nitrogen gas
both (a) and (b)
reduction of nitrate to organic nitrogen compounds
changing of atmospheric nitrogen (N2) to nitrogen compounds

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Microbiology of Soils
Nitrogen oxidation (nitrification)refers to the

None of these
conversion of ammonium ions into nitrates through the activities of certain bacteria.
changing of atmospheric nitrogen (N2) to nitrogen compounds
sulfur is oxidized to the sulfate form through Thiobacillus bacteria

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