Engineering Thermodynamics
The main cause for the irreversibility is

Mechanical and fluid friction
Unrestricted expansion
Heat transfer with a finite temperature difference
All of these

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Engineering Thermodynamics
The work ratio of a gas turbine plant is given by

(Actual temperature drop)/(Isentropic temperature drop)
(Isentropic increase in temperature)/(Actual increase in temperature)
(Net work output)/(Heat supplied)
(Net work output)/(Work-done by the turbine)

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