Automobile Engineering in ME
The ignition in a spark ignition engine takes place when the piston is

Approaching the T.D.C. position on its compression stroke
Leaving the T.D.C. position on its compression stroke
Approaching the T.D.C position on its exhaust stroke
Exactly at the T.D.C. position on its compression stroke

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Automobile Engineering in ME
It is necessary to maintain the valve clearances as they

Make the crankshaft turn smoothly
Allow for lengthening of the valves owing to the heat of combustion
Reduce the resistance to sliding that occurs between the cam and the tappet
Increase the speed at which the valves move up and down

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