Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The hammer blow in pipes occurs when

The pipe bursts under high pressure of fluid
The flow of fluid through the pipe is suddenly brought to rest by closing of the valve
The flow of fluid through the pipe is gradually brought to rest by closing of the valve
There is excessive leakage in the pipe

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The function of guide vanes in a reaction turbine is to

Allow the water to flow over them, without forming eddies
Allow the water to enter the runner without shock
All of the listed here
Allow the required quantity of water to enter the turbine

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