Automobile Engineering in ME
The fuel pump of a programmed fuel injection (PFI) system operate for two seconds when the ignition is turned to the start position to

Warm up and lubricate the pump
Supplies a large amount of fuel and thereby creates a choke effect
Pressurise the fuel system before the engine is started
Enable the pump's fault diagnosis function to operate

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The function of a second ring is that it is a

Compression ring and aids the top ring in sealing and cooling
Cushion ring which prevents piston slap and knock
Back up oil control ring which will work in place of the bottom ring when it is broken
Back up compression ring which will work in place of the top ring when it is broken

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The path taken by intake air is

Air cleaner carburettor (or throttle body) intake ports intake manifold cylinders
Air cleaner carburettor (or throttle body) intake manifold intake ports cylinders
Air cleaner intake manifold carburettor (or throttle body) intake ports cylinders
Carburettor (or throttle body) air cleaner intake manifold intake ports cylinders

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