Surveying
The foot of the perpendicular on the picture plane through the optical centre of the camera lens, is known as

Plumb line
Perspective centre
Isocenter
Principal point

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Surveying
Transit rule of adjusting the consecutive coordinates of a traverse is used where

angular measurements are more accurate than linear measurements
linear measurements are more accurate than angular measurements
All of these
linear and angular measurements of the traverse are of equal accuracy

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