Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The error in discharge (dQ/Q) to the error in measurement of head (dH/H) over a rectangular notch is given by

dQ/Q = (3/4) × (dH/H)
dQ/Q = (dH/H)
dQ/Q = (3/2) × (dH/H)
dQ/Q = (1/2) × (dH/H)

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Two dimensional flows occurs when

The velocity of successive fluid particles, at any point, is the same at successive periods of time
The magnitude and direction of the velocity do not change from point to point in the fluid
The fluid particles move in plane or parallel planes and the streamline patterns are identical in each plane
The direction and magnitude of the velocity at all points are identical

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The discharge through a large rectangular orifice is given by (where H1 = Height of the liquid above the top of the orifice, H2 = Height of the liquid above the bottom of the orifice, b = Breadth of the orifice, and Cd = Coefficient of discharge)

Q = (2/3) Cd × b × √(2g) × (H23/2 - H13/2)
Q = (2/3) Cd × b × √(2g) × (H21/2 - H11/2)
Q = (2/3) Cd × b × √(2g) × (H22 - H12)
Q = (2/3) Cd × b × √(2g) × (H2 - H1)

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