Electrical Machines
The damper windings also called the squirrel cage windings or damper grids

  consists of short-circuited copper bars embedded in the field pole faces.
  both (A) and (B).
  are provided in a synchronous motor to make it self starting.
  are provided on the stator for improving power factor.

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Electrical Machines
Interpoles in a DC motor must be

 Shunt excited and should have the same polarity as that of the behind main pole in the direction of rotation of armature.
 Shunt excited and should have the same polarity as that of the ahead main pole in the direction of rotation of armature.
 Series excited and should have the same polarity as that of the ahead main pole in the direction of rotation of armature.
 Series excited and should have the same polarity as that of the behind main pole in the direction of rotation of armature.

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