Measurement and Instrumentation
In DC potentiometer measurments, a second reading is often taken after reversing the polarities of the DC supply and the unknown voltage and the average of the two reading is taken. This is with a view of eliminate the effects of

  Stray thermal emfs.
 Ripples of the DC supply.
 Stray magnetic fields.
 Errorneous standardisation.

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Measurement and Instrumentation
Assertion (A): A hot wire ammeter has a cramped scale. Reason (R): The heat is proportional to square of current.

 Both A and R are true and R is not correct explanation of A.
 A is false and R is ture.
 A is ture and R is false.
 Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A.

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Measurement and Instrumentation
In measurement system, the function of the signal manipulating elements is to

 change the quantity under measurement to an analogues signal.
 change the magnitude of the input signal while retaining its identity.
 to perform non liner operation like clipping filtering, chopping and clamping.
 to perform linear operation like addition and multiplication.

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