Surveying
The angular distance of a heavenly body from the equator, measured along its meridian, is called

Co-latitude
Zenith distance
Declination
Altitude

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Surveying
The rise and fall method

provides a check on the reduction of intermediate point levels
is less accurate than height of instrument method
quicker and less tedious for large number of intermediate sights
is not suitable for levelling with tilting levels

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