Surveying
If the focal length of the object glass is 25 cm and the distance from object glass to the trunnion axis is 15 cm, the additive constant is

0.4
0.1
0.6
1.33

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Surveying
Bowditch rule is applied to

determine the effect of local attraction
a closed traverse for adjustment of closing error
an open traverse for graphical adjustment
None of these

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Surveying
If the lower clamp screw is tightened and upper clamp screw is loosened, the theodolite may be rotated

on its inner spindle without a relative motion between the vernier and the graduated scale of lower plate
on its outer spindle without a relative motion between the vernier and gra-duated scale of lower plate
on its outer spindle with a relative motion between the vernier and graduated scale of lower plate
on its inner spindle with a relative motion between the vernier and the graduated scale of lower plate

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