Automobile Engineering in ME
The advantage of having a tandem master cylinder arrangement in automobiles is that it

Boosts the brake fluid pressure to reduce the force required to depress the brake pedal
Enhances safety by activating the brakes using vacuum pressure in the event of brake fluid loss
Enhances safety by serving two independent lines in a divided line brake circuit
Supplies equal fluid pressure to each line of a divided line brake circuit, thereby preventing the brakes from dragging on one side

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The function of a proportioning control valve (PCV) in a brake system is to

Cause less brake fluid pressure to act on the rear brakes than on the front brakes when the fluid pressure exceeds a predetermined level
Reduce the brake fluid pressure when the brakes approach their lockup point
Ensure that equal pressure is supplied to the front and rear brakes throughout every braking operation
Cause less brake fluid pressure to act on the front brakes than on the rear brakes when the fluid pressure exceeds a predetermined level

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The function of oil control rings is that it

Lubricates the cylinder wall by releasing oil from its hole
Prevents engine oil from going into the combustion chamber and returns excess lubricating oil off the cylinder wall through the return holes in the piston to the oil pan
Maintains a seal and prevents escape of burned gases and oil leakage
Keeps the cylinder wall lubricated by holding oil in its channel

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