Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the clearance of the tube is generally

More in case of triangular pitch as compared to the square pitch tube layout
Not less than one-fourth of the tube diameter or 3/16"
More than the tube diameter
Equal to the tube diameter

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
For a cylindrical shell, (subject to the thickness of uppermost course being more than the minimum for diaofthe tank in question), the thickness of the courses of shell

May decrease or increase upwards depending upon whether vacuum or positive pressure would be maintained inside the shell
Increases upwards
Remains same throughout
Decreases upwards

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