Mass Transfer
Solvent used in extractive distillation

Forms a high boiling azeotrope
Is of low volatility
Does not alter the relative volatility of the original components
Forms a low boiling azeotrope

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Mass Transfer
A distillation column with N plates is being operated under normal conditions. At some point of time, the operation is shifted to total reflux condition (i.e., no product and residue are being withdrawn and feed to the column is stopped). At the new steady state,

Composition of vapors and that of liquid do not vary throughout the column
The top and bottom compositions are unchanged with and without total reflux
Reboiler load and condenser load are minimum
The top and bottom compositions correspond to the maximum enrichment available

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