Microbial Recombination and Gene Transfer
Recombination of virus genomes occurs

simultaneous infection of a host cell by two viruses with homologous chromosomes
by transduction
by transription
by transformation

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Microbial Recombination and Gene Transfer
When composite transposons are formed

two IS elements integrate into a chromosome with only a small distance separating them
a small deletion occurs in the transposase gene of an IS element
a small deletion occurs in the transposase gene of an IS element and plasmid is integrated
an IS element integrates with another IS element with the help of a plasmid

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Microbial Recombination and Gene Transfer
The expression of gene X (which has promoter Px) is to be monitored. A gene fusion construction for carrying this work will

have the promoter of lacZ or some other reporter gene
have Px but not the rest of the X coding region
give the same information as from a microarray
allow to monitor the expression of all genes with a promoter similar in sequence to Px

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Microbial Recombination and Gene Transfer
The main difference between a self-transmissible and a mobilizable plasmid is that the self-transmissible plasmid

transfers antibiotic resistance genes
transfers both strands of the plasmid DNA
usually has a transposon inserted into it
carries genes encoding the mating apparatus

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