Microbial Recombination and Gene Transfer
In the extracellular medium, DNA-degrading enzymes would likely be to prevent transfer of DNA by

natural transformation
generalized phage transduction
None of these
conjugal transfer by a self-transmissible plasmid

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Microbial Recombination and Gene Transfer
The expression of gene X (which has promoter Px) is to be monitored. A gene fusion construction for carrying this work will

give the same information as from a microarray
have the promoter of lacZ or some other reporter gene
allow to monitor the expression of all genes with a promoter similar in sequence to Px
have Px but not the rest of the X coding region

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