Microbial Recombination and Gene Transfer
Which of the following statement describes plasmids?

None of these
A complex membrane structure that covers the chromosome of bacteria
Another name for a protoplast
Small, circular DNA molecules that can exist independently of chromosomes commonly found in bacteria

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Microbial Recombination and Gene Transfer
Which of the following statement(s) is/are true in regards to F+ x F- mating events?

No DNA is transferred because F+ cells are unable to perform conjugation
DNA is transferred from F- to F+ cells
No DNA is transferred because F- cells are unable to perform conjugation
DNA is transferred from F+ to F- cells

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