Theory of Machine
The secondary unbalanced force due to inertia of reciprocating parts in a reciprocating engine is given by (where m = Mass of reciprocating parts, ω = Angular speed of crank, r = Radius of crank, θ = Angle of inclination of crank with the line of stroke, and n = Ratio of the length of connecting rod to radius of crank)

m.ω².r (sin 2θ/n)
m.ω².r (cos 2θ/n)
m.ω².r cosθ
m.ω².r sinθ

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Machine Design
The face of the tooth is the

Surface of the tooth above the pitch surface
Surface of the tooth below the pitch surface
Width of the tooth measured along the pitch circle
Surface of the top of the tooth

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